What are the three different types of furnaces in the experimental equipment?

In experimental equipment, the three common types of furnaces include:

1. Box type furnace

Box type furnace is a common experimental furnace with a box like appearance. It usually uses resistance wires or silicon carbon rods as heating elements inside, which can provide uniform temperature distribution and is suitable for experiments in the fields of materials science, ceramics, and metal processing.

Features: The core of the box furnace is the heating chamber, made of high-temperature resistant materials such as refractory bricks or ceramics, to minimize heat loss while maintaining extreme temperatures. They use advanced temperature control systems to precisely manage heating and cooling rates, which are crucial for processes such as spheroidizing annealing and wax melting in investment casting. The box furnace also has intelligent adjustment algorithms that can accurately control the temperature rise and fall. For safety reasons, they are also equipped with automatic protection alarms for overheating, overcurrent, and leakage.

Application: Box type furnaces are widely used in various industries, including ashing, heat treatment, annealing, calcination, carbon nanotube production, crystal growth, solidification, failure analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, quenching, and sintering. The rated temperature of the box type electric furnace is between 1000 ℃ and 1800 ℃, suitable for colleges and research institutes, used for sintering of metal and ceramic materials, heat treatment of certain single crystals, and detection of high-temperature re firing shrinkage of refractory materials. The box type atmosphere experimental furnace can be used for experiments such as reducing atmosphere, inert atmosphere, and hydrogen nitrogen mixed atmosphere.

2. Tube furnace

A tubular furnace is a tool that provides precise and uniform heating in a controlled environment, with one or more high-temperature resistant ceramic tubes inside, suitable for atmosphere control experiments. He is able to provide a closed or special gas environment inside the tube, which is a tool for providing precise and uniform heating in a controlled environment.

Features:The core of a lab tube furnace is the heating device, usually composed of materials such as resistance wires, silicon carbon rods, or silicon molybdenum rods, which can withstand and generate high temperatures. They are placed around the tube or working container to ensure even distribution of heat on the sample. The tube furnace has a control system that can adjust the heating power and maintain the required temperature. Control systems typically include a thermocouple for precise measurement and feedback of temperature.

Application: Tube furnace can be used for various processes such as chemical analysis and physical decomposition, purification, sintering, sublimation, degassing, and tempering.

3. Muffle furnace

The high temperature muffle furnace is a closed box furnace, with the heat source separated from the furnace. Its core component is a high-temperature resistant furnace, usually made of refractory materials.

Features: The furnace is equipped with heating elements (such as resistance wires or silicon carbide rods) inside, which generate high temperature through the thermal effect of current. Its temperature control system can accurately control the temperature, ensuring the stability and uniformity of the temperature during the experimental process. When the set temperature is reached, the thermocouple will sense the temperature inside the furnace and provide feedback to the temperature control instrument. Through PID control, the voltage and current are adjusted to control the thermal power inside the furnace. There are different models of muffle furnaces, with a maximum temperature of 1700 ℃.

Application:

New energy materials: play an important role in the preparation of new energy materials such as solar cells and lithium batteries.

Materials Science: Used for high-temperature sintering, material synthesis, heat treatment, etc., to improve the properties of materials.

Chemical analysis: commonly used in the ashing and combustion processes of samples to remove organic matter and extract inorganic components.

Ceramic manufacturing: used for sintering, melting, and glaze treatment of ceramic products.

Metallurgical field: used for the reduction, smelting, and refining of metal ores.